The two main reasons behind pigmentation are excessive exposure to sunlight and hormonal imbalance. The skin reacts to the aggression of the UV rays and produces a pigment to defend itself and this worsens with age. This leads to dark spots, blotchy, uneven patches on the surface of the skin. As for hormonal changes in the body oestrogen production is heightened by sun exposure, which mostly occurs during pregnancy.
 
Here are some tips to avoid hyper pigmentation:
 

• A healthy diet that allows smooth digestion help in combat pigmentation. Drink a lot of water.
• Avoid sunlight as much as possible always use a sunscreen.
• Applying lemon juice or cucumber juice on affected areas also help..
• In severe cases seek professional help for glycoli or lactic acid peels. You will need 4 to 6 sittings.

• Equal quantities of tulsi leaves, ground and mixed with lemon juice applied daily on the marks helps get rid of pigmentation.
• Soak masoor dal in enough water, and allow it to soak it all up. Make a paste of that and add milk to it. Apply this as a face pack it will lighten the marks.
• A paste of gram flour and milk on the spots should also help if applied regularly
• Grind orange peel in water and apply as a paste on the face it will help reduce marks.

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