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 Breast cancer tops the list of most common types of cancer for women and follows cervical cancer (the most fatal one) regarding the rate of cancer-based deaths in women. Observing and identifying the early signs of breast cancer prove very beneficial. If it is diagnosed at an initial stage, there are no chances of further complications. Even various scientific studies have shown that detection at an early stage improves the survival rate of women diagnosed with it.

A number of healthcare organizations from across the world suggest women of all ages to undergo a regular self-check-up to notice anything different. The signs that one should look for while examining her breasts are:

• Change in the appearance of the breasts in terms of size and shape.

• Significant thickening of underlying tissues.

• Any lumps in outermost area of breasts or even in underarms.

• Any rashes on and around the nipples.

• Inward turning of the nipples.

• Changes in the nipples` shape or size.

• Any kind of discharge, either water or blood, from the nipples.

• Irritation, redness and swelling in the area.

• Any kind of warm sensation or discomfort around the breast.

• Aching of nipples when touched.

Examining yourself in regular intervals for breast cancer really helps spotting it but one must opt for a mammography. So far, it is the most effective method for detection of breast cancer. Doctors always recommend mammography as it can spot cancer up to three years prior to the time it can be felt by the patient. It is advised that women over the age of 50 should get a mammogram every two years.

Although it can happen to anyone, women with a history of cancerous diseases like breast cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer are at a higher risk of recurrence. Those with family history of breast cancer are more likely to have cancerous growth. Women without the genetic risk factors can develop breast cancer due to the following reasons:

• Obesity for a long time.

• Early start of menstrual cycle and late menopausal age.

• Birth of first child at a very late age.

• Consuming oral contraceptives.

• Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) at any age.

• A continuous diet of high fat content.

Apart from these, the reason for the development of the disease goes unidentified in many cases. Although the survival rate is good, one must take adequate steps to prevent its occurrence. Scientists suggest that regular exercise and healthy diet lower the risk. Additionally, one must weigh the risks prior to taking contraceptive pills and undergoing HRT.